▲ Indexes to Topics .
▲ Ancient Greeks .
▲ Anglo-Saxons - Danes to Normans .
▲ Archaeology .
▲ Britons .
▲ Bronze Age .
▲ Celts .
▲ DNA, migrations, population .
▲ Early Anglo-Saxons .
▲ Food & Technology .
▲ Iron Age .
▲ Language .
▲ Palaeo-anthropology .
▲ Picts .
▲ Romans .
▲ Stone Ages .
▲ Vikings .
● Medieval & Green Index of Topics
● Index of Topics ..
● Agriculture, Forestry - Crops, Livestock, Timber ..
● Animals, Livestock ..
● Climate, Soil, Zones ..
● Construction, Boatbuilding ..
● Cooking - Food & Drink ..
● Economy, Productivity ..
● Fiber, Fabric, Leather ..
● Folk Medicine - Edible, Useful Plants ..
● Historic Development ..
● Hunting, Forests, Leisure ..
● Labour, Skills, Productivity ..
● Metal ..
● Plants, Crops, Fungi ..
● Society - Law, Economy, Life, Death ..
● Timber ..
● Agriculture, Forestry - Crops, Livestock, Timber ..
● Animals, Livestock ..
● Climate, Soil, Zones ..
● Construction, Boatbuilding ..
● Cooking - Food & Drink ..
● Economy, Productivity ..
● Fiber, Fabric, Leather ..
● Folk Medicine - Edible, Useful Plants ..
● Historic Development ..
● Hunting, Forests, Leisure ..
● Labour, Skills, Productivity ..
● Metal ..
● Plants, Crops, Fungi ..
● Society - Law, Economy, Life, Death ..
● Timber ..
Audiovisual posts
Every so often YT suspends entire channels because of copyright violations. I will not delete the relevant post because channel owners often re-upload on new channels. In the meantime—provided I've noticed the loss—the post title will appear in small print.
Videos:
jobs
charcoal burn . iron furnace . lathe . lime kiln . metalworking, Early . papermaking, Medieval to Early Modern . rope making . tanning, Medieval to Edwardian .
charcoal burn . iron furnace . lathe . lime kiln . metalworking, Early . papermaking, Medieval to Early Modern . rope making . tanning, Medieval to Edwardian .
history
Wat Tyler rebellion of 1381 .
Wat Tyler rebellion of 1381 .
Playlists:
Warfare, Religion, Thought, Sex:
Inside the Medieval Mind – Power .Inside the Medieval Mind – Belief .
Inside the Medieval Mind – Knowledge .
Inside the Medieval Mind – Sex .
England .
Wales .
History of Britain - Nations .
History of Britain - King Death .
Technology:
Wood use - Bark
Although oak bark was used extensively for tanning in Britain, other plant materials were substituted: fir, white willow (Salix alba), sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa), oak galls, birch, alder, hemlock, heather, and the rhizomes of some ferns.
Oak bark contains both types of tannin: catechols and pyrogallols.
Catechols: more astringent, act more quickly than pyrogallols, producing leathers of pink, red or dark brown hues: birch, hemlock, alder, and fir bark.
Pyrogallols improve leather's wearing properties and resistance to water, so they are favored for sole leather, bookbinding, and upholstery. They produce pale leather varying from creamy or yellowish to light brown: sweet chestnut, oak galls, and oak-wood.
Alder (Alnus glutinosa) has astringent bark and is used for tanning and dyeing.
Birches
Silver Birch (Betula pendula)
Downy Birch (Betula pubescens)
Ground birch bark, fermented in sea water, is used for seasoning the woolen, hemp or linen sails and hemp rope of traditional Norwegian boats. The bark will burn very well even when wet because of the oils it contains.
The bark of Bird Cherry (Prunus padus), placed at the door, was supposed to ward off plague.
Oak bark contains both types of tannin: catechols and pyrogallols.
Catechols: more astringent, act more quickly than pyrogallols, producing leathers of pink, red or dark brown hues: birch, hemlock, alder, and fir bark.
Pyrogallols improve leather's wearing properties and resistance to water, so they are favored for sole leather, bookbinding, and upholstery. They produce pale leather varying from creamy or yellowish to light brown: sweet chestnut, oak galls, and oak-wood.
Alder (Alnus glutinosa) has astringent bark and is used for tanning and dyeing.
Birches
Silver Birch (Betula pendula)
Downy Birch (Betula pubescens)
Ground birch bark, fermented in sea water, is used for seasoning the woolen, hemp or linen sails and hemp rope of traditional Norwegian boats. The bark will burn very well even when wet because of the oils it contains.
The bark of Bird Cherry (Prunus padus), placed at the door, was supposed to ward off plague.
. Bark . Charcoal . Coppice . Dye . Fine-grain . Firewood . Flavoring . Fodder . Fruit . Hardwood . Hedgerows . Indoor use only . Marshy or moist soil . Medicinal . Moisture resistance . Paper . Piles . Seeds and Nuts . Softwood . Special Uses . Superstition .
. Alders . Alder buckthorn . Ash . Beech . Birches . Box . Cherries, Plums, Blackthorn . Dogwood . Elder . Elms . Hazels . Hollies . Hornbeams . Junipers . Limes . Maples . Oaks . Pines . Poplars . Purging buckthorn . Rowans and Whitebeams . Service tree . Native shrubs . Willows . Yews .
Wood use - Coppice
Coppicing is a traditional technique of woodland management that relies upon the ability of trees to regenerate as shoots after being severed close to the ground.
In southern Britain, coppiced trees were traditionally hazel, hornbeam, beech, ash, or oak, grown amongst oak or sometimes ash or beech standards; alder and willows were coppiced in wet areas. Coppice with standards is variation in which scattered individual stems are allowed to grow on through several coppice cycles. The technique provides greater flexibility in the range of materials produced by a given area of woodland.
In north-west England, coppice-with-standards has been the norm, the standards often of oak with relatively little simple coppice.
. Bark . Charcoal . Coppice . Dye . Fine-grain . Firewood . Flavoring . Fodder . Fruit . Hardwood . Hedgerows . Indoor use only . Marshy or moist soil . Medicinal . Moisture resistance . Paper . Piles . Seeds and Nuts . Softwood . Special Uses . Superstition .
. Alders . Alder buckthorn . Ash . Beech . Birches . Box . Cherries, Plums, Blackthorn . Dogwood . Elder . Elms . Hazels . Hollies . Hornbeams . Junipers . Limes . Maples . Oaks . Pines . Poplars . Purging buckthorn . Rowans and Whitebeams . Service tree . Native shrubs . Willows . Yews .
Under construction
Wood use - Charcoal
Charcoal results from the carbonization of wood in low oxygen conditions.
. Bark . Charcoal . Coppice . Dye . Fine-grain . Firewood . Flavoring . Fodder . Fruit . Hardwood . Hedgerows . Indoor use only . Marshy or moist soil . Medicinal . Moisture resistance . Paper . Piles . Seeds and Nuts . Softwood . Special Uses . Superstition .
. Wood and Trees - external links .
. Alders . Alder buckthorn . Ash . Beech . Birches . Box . Cherries, Plums, Blackthorn . Dogwood . Elder . Elms . Hazels . Hollies . Hornbeams . Junipers . Limes . Maples . Oaks . Pines . Poplars . Purging buckthorn . Rowans and Whitebeams . Service tree . Native shrubs . Willows . Yews .
. Bark . Charcoal . Coppice . Dye . Fine-grain . Firewood . Flavoring . Fodder . Fruit . Hardwood . Hedgerows . Indoor use only . Marshy or moist soil . Medicinal . Moisture resistance . Paper . Piles . Seeds and Nuts . Softwood . Special Uses . Superstition .
. Wood and Trees - external links .
. Alders . Alder buckthorn . Ash . Beech . Birches . Box . Cherries, Plums, Blackthorn . Dogwood . Elder . Elms . Hazels . Hollies . Hornbeams . Junipers . Limes . Maples . Oaks . Pines . Poplars . Purging buckthorn . Rowans and Whitebeams . Service tree . Native shrubs . Willows . Yews .
Wood use - Dye
Alder (Alnus glutinosa) has astringent bark and is used for tanning and dyeing.
A green dye can be prepared from the Wild Cherry (Prunus avium) plant.
A green dye can be prepared from the Wild Cherry (Prunus avium) plant.
. Bark . Charcoal . Coppice . Dye . Fine-grain . Firewood . Flavoring . Fodder . Fruit . Hardwood . Hedgerows . Indoor use only . Marshy or moist soil . Medicinal . Moisture resistance . Paper . Piles . Seeds and Nuts . Softwood . Special Uses . Superstition .
. Alders . Alder buckthorn . Ash . Beech . Birches . Box . Cherries, Plums, Blackthorn . Dogwood . Elder . Elms . Hazels . Hollies . Hornbeams . Junipers . Limes . Maples . Oaks . Pines . Poplars . Purging buckthorn . Rowans and Whitebeams . Service tree . Native shrubs . Willows . Yews .
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)