1000 CE Europe ..
Brunanburh 937 CE ..
Inventions, discoveries and introductions 1-1000 CE .
Timeline - medieval technology ..
7th
Tidal mills
8th
The horse collar first appears in Europe.
The heavy plow is in use in Northern Italy (the Po valley) by the 8th century.
The heavy plow is in use in the Rhineland in the early 8th century.
The stirrup arrives in Europe from China in the early 8th century.
The use of soap, a Gaulish invention, spreads through Europe.
Iron becomes common in western Europe.
Paper is introduced into the Arab world.
9th
The first description of a rotary grindstone occurs in 834.
10th
The use of hops in brewing beer spread between the 10th Century and the 14th.
The
first millennium of the
Common Era was a
millennium spanning the years
1 to
1000 (
1st to
10th centuries).
World population rose more slowly than during the
preceding millennium, from about 200 million in the year 1 to about 300 million in the year 1000.
In Western Eurasia (
Europe and
Near East), the first millennium was a time of great transition from
Classical Antiquity to the
Middle Ages. The 1st century saw the peak of the
Roman Empire, followed by its gradual decline during the period of
Late Antiquity, the rise of
Christianity and the
Great Migrations. The second half of the millennium is characterized as the
Early Middle Ages in Europe, and marked by the
Viking expansion in the west, the rise of the
Byzantine Empire in the east.
Islam expanded rapidly from
Arabia to western Asia, India, North Africa and the
Iberian peninsula, culminating in the
Islamic Golden Age (700–1200).
In
East Asia, the first millennium was also a time of great cultural advances, notably the
spread of Buddhism to East Asia. In
China, the
Han dynasty is replaced by the
Jin dynasty and later the
Tang dynasty until the 10th century sees renewed fragmentation in the
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. In
Japan, a sharp increase in population followed when farmers' use of iron tools increased their productivity and crop yields. The
Yamato court was established.
In
South Asia, the
Indian subcontinent was divided among
numerous kingdoms throughout the first millennium, until the formation of the
Gupta Empire.
In
Mesoamerica, the first millennium was a period of enormous growth known as the
Classic Era (200–900).
Teotihuacan grew into a metropolis and its empire dominated Mesoamerica. In
South America, pre-Incan,
coastal cultures flourished, producing impressive metalwork and some of the finest pottery seen in the ancient world. In
North America, the
Mississippian culture rose at the end of the millennium in the
Mississippi and
Ohio river valleys. Numerous cities were built;
Cahokia, the largest, was based in present-day
Illinois. The construction of
Monks Mound at Cahokia was begun in 900–950.
In
Sub-Saharan Africa, the
Bantu expansion reaches
Southern Africa by about the 5th century. The
Arab slave trade spans the
Sahara and the
Swahili coast by the 9th century.
Plagues & Pandemics ..
