Bearded Axe
Traditional axe making and wooden lodge construction from Sweden > .
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dbCpDsxUHVcWeapons that Changed Warfare: The Crossbow - Sideprojects > .
Born to Forge - Forging a Bearded Axe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4gP4c7YZsqA
Hand Forging a Bearded Axe - Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zX7R3hdW-Fs
Hand Forging a Bearded Axe - Part 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cQiXgUhwifg
Jim Austin's Bearded Viking Axe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQaaS71yfvM
A bearded axe, or Skeggöx (from Old Norse Skegg, beard + öx, axe) refers to various axes, used as a tool and weapon, as early as the 6th century AD. It is most commonly associated with Viking Age Scandinavians. The lower portion of an axe bit is called the "beard" and the cutting edge of the bearded axe extends below the width of the butt to provide a wide cutting surface while keeping the overall weight of the axe low. The hook, or "beard" of the axe would also have been useful in battle, for example to pull weapons out of the defender's grasp, or to pull down a shield to allow another attacker to strike at the unprotected defender.
There are a number of variants in its design.
Additionally this design allows the user to grip the haft directly behind the head for planing or shaving wood.
Variations of this design are still in use by modern woodworkers and some foresters.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bearded_axe
The Dane axe is an early type of battle axe, primarily used during the transition between the European Viking Age and early Middle Ages. Other names for the weapon include English long axe, Danish axe, and hafted axe.
Most axes, both in period illustrations and extant artifact, that fall under the description of Danish axe, possess type L or type M heads according to the Petersen axe typology. Both types consist of a wide, thin blade, with pronounced "horns" at both the toe and heel of the bit. Cutting surfaces vary, but is generally between 20 cm and 30 cm (8 and 12 inches). Type L blades tend to be smaller, with the toe of the bit swept forward for superior shearing capability. Later type M blades are typically larger overall, with a more symmetrical toe and heel.
The blade itself was reasonably light and forged very thin, making it superb for cutting. The fatness of the body on top the edge is as thin as 2 mm. Many of these axes were constructed with a reinforced bit, typically of a higher carbon steel to facilitate a harder, sharper edge. Average weight of an axe this size is between 1 kg and 2 kg (2 and 4 pounds). Proportionally, the long axe has more in common with a modern meat cleaver than a wood axe. This complex construction results in a lively and quick weapon with devastating cutting ability.
Based on period depictions, the haft of a longaxe for combat was usually between approx. 0.9 m and 1.2 m (3 and 4 feet) long, although Dane axes used as status symbols might be as long as 1.5 to 1.7 m (5 to 5½ ft). Such axes might also feature inlaid silver and frequently do not have the flared steel edge of a weapon designed for war. Some surviving examples also feature a brass haft cap, often richly decorated, which presumably served to keep the head of the weapon secure on the haft, as well as protecting the end of the haft from the rigours of battle. Ash and oak are the most likely materials for the haft, as they have always been the primary materials used for polearms in Europe.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dane_axe .
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axe .
Knowledge about military technology of the Viking Age (end of 8th- to mid-11th-century Europe) is based on relatively sparse archaeological finds, pictorial representation, and to some extent on the accounts in the Norse sagas and laws recorded in the 13th century.
According to custom, all free Norse men were required to own weapons, as well as permitted to carry them at all times. Indeed, the Hávamál, purported to be sage advice given by Odin, states "Don't leave your weapons lying about behind your back in a field; you never know when you may need all of sudden your spear."
As war was the most prestigious activity in Viking Age Scandinavia, beautifully finished weapons were an important way for a warrior to display his wealth and status. A wealthy Viking would likely have a complete ensemble of a spear, a wooden shield, and a sword. The very richest might have a helmet, other armour is thought to have been limited to the nobility and their professional warriors. The average farmer was likely limited to a spear, shield, and perhaps a common axe or a large knife or seax. Some would also bring their hunting bows (mostly long bow or flat bow) to use in the opening stages of battle.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_Age_arms_and_armour .
[Unit 101] Archer and Bow - Medieval
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HD3uP_LNQ5g
Medieval bowmen
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5tuJvei2Uw8
Axe & Bow - Drakkar playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL-vRsHsClLJ6c75JhqDTXC_wHV-vky79x
Weapons That Made Britain - Master Huon Damebrigge
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCpYM0jg1d5MgDe30tjs7JhPDc7f7RC_j
Medieval Arts & Sciences - Master Huon Damebrigge
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCpYM0jg1d5PYMsH7uFNW7sG1RbofTlPV
Medieval Warfare: Castles of War
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCpYM0jg1d5OpPWcTwIxVsz6F4JJxWFnr
Middle Ages - Military History Visualized
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLv0uEimc-uN8skPMKaa7i2Ciu6mnsN8d1
[Weapons 101] Trebuchet - How they work - Traction & Counterweight Trebuchets Medieval Equipment
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-oFIGt8j0Y
Weapons 101 - Military History Visualized
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLv0uEimc-uN-xmvYYHmcCSSZzPOEu0vEu
Military History Visualized - playlists
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCK09g6gYGMvU-0x1VCF1hgA/playlists
The crossbow is portrayed as a hunting weapon on four Pictish stones from early medieval Scotland (6th to 9th centuries): St. Vigeans no. 1, Glenferness, Shandwick, and Meigle. The use of crossbows in European warfare is again evident from the Battle of Hastings until about the year 1500. They almost completely superseded hand bows in many European armies in the 12th century for a number of reasons.*
https://youtu.be/eayome8veOI?t=33m36s .
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_premodern_combat_weapons .
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbow
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbow#Medieval_Europe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbow#Projectiles
Born to Forge - Forging a Bearded Axe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4gP4c7YZsqA
Hand Forging a Bearded Axe - Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zX7R3hdW-Fs
Hand Forging a Bearded Axe - Part 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cQiXgUhwifg
Jim Austin's Bearded Viking Axe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQaaS71yfvM
A bearded axe, or Skeggöx (from Old Norse Skegg, beard + öx, axe) refers to various axes, used as a tool and weapon, as early as the 6th century AD. It is most commonly associated with Viking Age Scandinavians. The lower portion of an axe bit is called the "beard" and the cutting edge of the bearded axe extends below the width of the butt to provide a wide cutting surface while keeping the overall weight of the axe low. The hook, or "beard" of the axe would also have been useful in battle, for example to pull weapons out of the defender's grasp, or to pull down a shield to allow another attacker to strike at the unprotected defender.
There are a number of variants in its design.
Additionally this design allows the user to grip the haft directly behind the head for planing or shaving wood.
Variations of this design are still in use by modern woodworkers and some foresters.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bearded_axe
The Dane axe is an early type of battle axe, primarily used during the transition between the European Viking Age and early Middle Ages. Other names for the weapon include English long axe, Danish axe, and hafted axe.
Most axes, both in period illustrations and extant artifact, that fall under the description of Danish axe, possess type L or type M heads according to the Petersen axe typology. Both types consist of a wide, thin blade, with pronounced "horns" at both the toe and heel of the bit. Cutting surfaces vary, but is generally between 20 cm and 30 cm (8 and 12 inches). Type L blades tend to be smaller, with the toe of the bit swept forward for superior shearing capability. Later type M blades are typically larger overall, with a more symmetrical toe and heel.
The blade itself was reasonably light and forged very thin, making it superb for cutting. The fatness of the body on top the edge is as thin as 2 mm. Many of these axes were constructed with a reinforced bit, typically of a higher carbon steel to facilitate a harder, sharper edge. Average weight of an axe this size is between 1 kg and 2 kg (2 and 4 pounds). Proportionally, the long axe has more in common with a modern meat cleaver than a wood axe. This complex construction results in a lively and quick weapon with devastating cutting ability.
Based on period depictions, the haft of a longaxe for combat was usually between approx. 0.9 m and 1.2 m (3 and 4 feet) long, although Dane axes used as status symbols might be as long as 1.5 to 1.7 m (5 to 5½ ft). Such axes might also feature inlaid silver and frequently do not have the flared steel edge of a weapon designed for war. Some surviving examples also feature a brass haft cap, often richly decorated, which presumably served to keep the head of the weapon secure on the haft, as well as protecting the end of the haft from the rigours of battle. Ash and oak are the most likely materials for the haft, as they have always been the primary materials used for polearms in Europe.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dane_axe .
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axe .
Knowledge about military technology of the Viking Age (end of 8th- to mid-11th-century Europe) is based on relatively sparse archaeological finds, pictorial representation, and to some extent on the accounts in the Norse sagas and laws recorded in the 13th century.
According to custom, all free Norse men were required to own weapons, as well as permitted to carry them at all times. Indeed, the Hávamál, purported to be sage advice given by Odin, states "Don't leave your weapons lying about behind your back in a field; you never know when you may need all of sudden your spear."
As war was the most prestigious activity in Viking Age Scandinavia, beautifully finished weapons were an important way for a warrior to display his wealth and status. A wealthy Viking would likely have a complete ensemble of a spear, a wooden shield, and a sword. The very richest might have a helmet, other armour is thought to have been limited to the nobility and their professional warriors. The average farmer was likely limited to a spear, shield, and perhaps a common axe or a large knife or seax. Some would also bring their hunting bows (mostly long bow or flat bow) to use in the opening stages of battle.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_Age_arms_and_armour .
[Unit 101] Archer and Bow - Medieval
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HD3uP_LNQ5g
Medieval bowmen
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5tuJvei2Uw8
Axe & Bow - Drakkar playlist
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL-vRsHsClLJ6c75JhqDTXC_wHV-vky79x
Weapons That Made Britain - Master Huon Damebrigge
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCpYM0jg1d5MgDe30tjs7JhPDc7f7RC_j
Medieval Arts & Sciences - Master Huon Damebrigge
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCpYM0jg1d5PYMsH7uFNW7sG1RbofTlPV
Medieval Warfare: Castles of War
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCpYM0jg1d5OpPWcTwIxVsz6F4JJxWFnr
Middle Ages - Military History Visualized
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLv0uEimc-uN8skPMKaa7i2Ciu6mnsN8d1
[Weapons 101] Trebuchet - How they work - Traction & Counterweight Trebuchets Medieval Equipment
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-oFIGt8j0Y
Weapons 101 - Military History Visualized
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLv0uEimc-uN-xmvYYHmcCSSZzPOEu0vEu
Military History Visualized - playlists
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCK09g6gYGMvU-0x1VCF1hgA/playlists
The crossbow is portrayed as a hunting weapon on four Pictish stones from early medieval Scotland (6th to 9th centuries): St. Vigeans no. 1, Glenferness, Shandwick, and Meigle. The use of crossbows in European warfare is again evident from the Battle of Hastings until about the year 1500. They almost completely superseded hand bows in many European armies in the 12th century for a number of reasons.*
https://youtu.be/eayome8veOI?t=33m36s .
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_premodern_combat_weapons .
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbow
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbow#Medieval_Europe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossbow#Projectiles
